Science and Technology

This is a complete, free study companion for Science and Technology — built around what the exam actually asks. The topics examiners repeat most are Balancing chemical equations and identifying reaction types, Series-parallel resistance and electric circuit numericals, and Electric power, Ohm's law and Joule heating numericals. The syllabus runs to 24 chapters. Below you'll find the full topic-frequency ranking, the exam paper pattern, every chapter, a step-by-step study plan, and the official downloads — everything in one place.

Everything here is free. We're an independent student resource, not the official Maharashtra Board body, so always confirm the current syllabus and exam dates on the official Maharashtra Board website before you rely on them.

Key information

Level: Class 10
Programme: CL10
Exam: Secondary School Certificate
Conducted by: MSBSHSE

Most frequently examined topics

#	Topic	Times asked
1	Balancing chemical equations and identifying reaction types	5
2	Series-parallel resistance and electric circuit numericals	5
3	Electric power, Ohm's law and Joule heating numericals	5
4	Concave mirror ray diagrams, mirror formula and magnification	5
5	Convex lens ray diagrams, lens formula, magnification and power	5
6	pH scale, indicators and properties of acids/bases/salts	4
7	Baking soda, washing soda, bleaching powder and daily-use chemicals	4
8	Oxidation, reduction, corrosion and rancidity	4
9	Metals, non-metals, reactivity series and corrosion protection	4
10	Tetravalency, catenation and electron-dot structures of carbon compounds	4
11	Modern periodic law, Mendeleev table and periodic trends	4
12	Photosynthesis, digestive system and life processes	4

Counted across the official previous-year question papers we have analysed for this subject. It shows what has been asked before — it does not predict what will appear in your exam. Always confirm the current syllabus on the official portal.

What you will study (chapters)

Chapter 1: Acids, Bases and Salts: General properties, examples and uses
Chapter 2: Chemical Reactions: Types of chemical reactions
Chapter 3: Oxidation and Reduction: Concepts and everyday relevance
Chapter 4: Metals and Non-Metals: Properties and common metals
Chapter 5: Carbon Compounds: Bonding and hydrocarbons
Chapter 6: Common Chemicals Used in Daily Life
Chapter 7: Classification of Elements: History and the periodic table
Chapter 8: Life Processes: Nutrition, respiration, transport and excretion in plants and animals
Chapter 9: Control in the Living: Tropic movements; plant hormones; nervous system; coordination
Chapter 10: Reproduction in the Living: Reproduction in plants and animals
Chapter 11: Heredity and Evolution: Heredity and evolution basics
Chapter 12: Electric Circuits: Potential difference, Ohm's law, series and parallel circuits
Chapter 13: Magnets: Magnetic fields, current-carrying wires, motors, generators
Chapter 14: Light: Convergence and Divergence
Chapter 15: Spherical Mirrors: Images formed by concave mirrors
Chapter 16: Refraction: Laws of refraction, velocity and refractive index
Chapter 17: Lenses: Images formed by a convex lens and focusing
Chapter 18: Types of Pollution
Chapter 19: Sources of Pollution and Major Pollutants
Chapter 20: Effect of Pollution on Environment and Health
Chapter 21: Abatement of Pollution
Chapter 22: Use of Efficient and Eco-Friendly Technology
Chapter 23: Sustainable Use of Resources
Chapter 24: Enforcement of Acts, Laws and Policies

How to study Science and Technology and score well

Start with the highest-frequency topics — In Science and Technology, Balancing chemical equations and identifying reaction types, Series-parallel resistance and electric circuit numericals, Electric power, Ohm's law and Joule heating numericals, and Concave mirror ray diagrams, mirror formula and magnification appear again and again in past papers. Master these first — they return the most marks for the time you put in.
Practise with previous-year papers — Solve the last 5–10 years of Maharashtra Board Science and Technology papers under timed, exam-like conditions. Past papers show exactly which topics repeat and how questions are worded.
Revise actively, not passively — Write a one-page summary for each of the 24 chapters — key definitions, formulas and the points examiners reward — then re-test yourself instead of re-reading.
Mark your answers with the official scheme — After each practice paper, score yourself against the official marking scheme. It shows how marks are awarded step-by-step, so you learn to present answers the way examiners expect.

Exam tips: how to score higher in Science and Technology

Where students lose marks: rushing the high-weightage questions, skipping the steps the marking scheme rewards, and saving easy sections for last. Read the whole paper first, attempt your strongest section early to bank marks, and always show your working.

Manage your time: split your time in proportion to the marks each section carries, keep a few minutes at the end to check, and never leave a question blank — a partial, structured answer still earns partial marks.

Frequently asked questions

What are the most important topics in Science and Technology?

Based on past papers, the most frequently asked topics include Balancing chemical equations and identifying reaction types, Series-parallel resistance and electric circuit numericals, Electric power, Ohm's law and Joule heating numericals. The full ranked list with how often each appears is in the "Most important topics" section above.

Where can I download Science and Technology previous-year question papers?

Official Maharashtra Board previous-year question papers are available on the official Maharashtra Board website. Open the Question Papers section for the direct link, plus the exam pattern and the topics that repeat most.

How can I prepare for Science and Technology faster?

Start with the highest-frequency topics, learn the exam pattern so you know how each section is marked, and practise with past papers. A subject-aware study tutor can quiz you on exactly these topics.

A Gyani AI tutor trained on the Science and Technology syllabus and past papers can quiz you on the most-asked topics and show you exactly what to revise.